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Meter-scale supersonic gas jets for multi-GeV laser-plasma accelerators

Apr 15, 2025. Publications

Abstract

Pushing the high energy frontier of laser wakefield electron acceleration to 10 GeV and beyond requires extending the propagation of relativistic intensity pulses to ∼1 m in a low density (Ne ∼ 1017 cm-3) plasma waveguide. We present the development and characterization of two types of supersonic gas jets for meter-scale multi-GeV laser wakefield accelerators. The first type is a 30-cm long single-module gas jet, which demonstrates good axial uniformity using hydrogen. The second type is a modular jet composed of multiple 11-cm-long modules. Longitudinal density profile control is demonstrated with a 2-module (22 cm long) hydrogen jet using gas valve trigger timing. A 1.0-m-long jet is then assembled from nine modules, and generation of 1.0-m long hydrogen plasma is demonstrated using a femtosecond Bessel beam. To our knowledge, this is the longest gas jet laser plasma yet generated.


DOI: https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0248959

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