High-repetition-rate, multi-MeV deuteron acceleration from converging heavy water microjets at laser intensities of 10 21 W/cm2

Abstract

We demonstrate high repetition-rate deuteron acceleration by irradiating a continuously flowing, ambient temperature liquid heavy water jet with the high-intensity ALEPH laser. The laser delivered up to 5.5 J (120 TW, 1.2 × 10²¹ W/cm²) laser energy on target at 0.5 Hz. A high repetition-rate Thomson parabola spectrometer measured the deuteron beam energy spectra on each shot for 60 sequential shots (two minutes). Peak fluxes of 5×10¹⁰ deuterons/sr/pulse, corresponding to an average flux of 1.5×10¹² deuterons/sr/min, were demonstrated with deuteron energies reaching up to 4.4 MeV. High shot-to-shot stability is observed up to 40%–50% of the maximum deuteron energy. These deuteron beams are suited for fast neutron production through deuteron breakup in a converter yielding energies similar to deuteron–deuteron (D–D, 2.45 MeV) fusion reactions of importance for material damage studies.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0098973